Christ now portrayed as a lawgiver as opposed to the Good Shepherd (as seen in ICN0111). Sarcophagi fragment, Christ between apostles Peter and Paul.

Another instance of imperial imagery being used in this post-Constantinian period is on this passion sarcophagus. Passion Sarcophagus, Museo Pio Cristiano Vaticano.

On the superb sarcophagus of Sextus Petronius Probus of 395 AD stands Christ surrounded by the apostles his cross held in the very same position as the emperor held his lance as a symbol of authority and in his hand he ...

Constantine's son Constantius II enlarged San Paolo to its present size. Nave and apse of San Paolo fuori le mura.

Another religious reminder in this Christian glass with the martyrs Peter and Paul. Their remembrance was not regarded as idolatry, but was accepted within the common iconographic usage of veneration.

Images also affirmed the veneration of the apostle martyrs of Rome. But relevancy by its very nature means that the church is using a medium of the prevalent culture as a vehicle to communicate its own message and these ...

In the first scene, Jonah is being thrown from the ship into the mouth of the sea monster. Close up of lower center left, Jonah being thrown to the Cetus.

This perception was exacerbated when Antonius had a temple erected to his divinized Faustina. The temple of Antonius and Faustina, Foro Romano.

Baptism is also portrayed through the Old Testament figure of Moses striking the rock, which the apostle Paul in 1 Cor. 10:4 had described as Christ. Moses striking the rock, catacomb of Priscilla.

Immediately below the upper central panel of the sarcophagus of Junius Bassius is an Adventus, innocent enough to our eyes but within the context of imperial iconography it represented and emphasized Christ as ruler. ...